{"id":955,"date":"2024-03-18T13:51:13","date_gmt":"2024-03-18T13:51:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/?p=955"},"modified":"2024-03-20T09:40:00","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T09:40:00","slug":"apply-the-skill-of-critical-thinking-how-to-identify-deepfake-videos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/2024\/03\/18\/apply-the-skill-of-critical-thinking-how-to-identify-deepfake-videos\/","title":{"rendered":"Apply the skill of critical thinking: how to identify deepfake videos"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

By Antony Groves<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As our post last month demonstrated, AI is making it easier for us to create and appear in videos<\/a> (in some cases through artificially generated avatars that use our voices). Following on, this companion piece focuses on how we can evaluate such creations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is important to think critically about the outputs of these tools as they can also make it easier to create deepfakes<\/a> where people are artificially added to videos, appearing to say things that they never actually did.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Mark
Mark Zuckerberg in a ‘deepfake’ image.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

This is an issue because, as the Library and Information Association have campaigned, facts matter<\/a>: we need to know that the information we are using is credible (or, more accurately, we should be aware when it is not). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although there are now AI powered tools<\/a> working to catch AI generated deepfakes in a game of digital cat and mouse, we\u2019ll finish this post with guidance on how to break the cycle and apply our own intelligence and critical thinking skills to AI generated video content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While the Skills Hub<\/a> contains guidance about critically evaluating sources<\/a>, some of which can be applied to deepfakes (in particular the CRAAP method for evaluating resources), the MIT Media Lab<\/a> identify eight specific things that you can look out for to help you spot a deepfake video:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Pay attention to the face. High-end DeepFake manipulations are almost always facial transformations. <\/li>
  2. Pay attention to the cheeks and forehead. Does the skin appear too smooth or too wrinkly? Is the agedness of the skin similar to the agedness of the hair and eyes? DeepFakes may be incongruent on some dimensions.<\/li>
  3. Pay attention to the eyes and eyebrows. Do shadows appear in places that you would expect? DeepFakes may fail to fully represent the natural physics of a scene. <\/li>
  4. Pay attention to the glasses. Is there any glare? Is there too much glare? Does the angle of the glare change when the person moves? Once again, DeepFakes may fail to fully represent the natural physics of lighting.<\/li>
  5. Pay attention to the facial hair or lack thereof. Does this facial hair look real? DeepFakes might add or remove a mustache, sideburns, or beard. But, DeepFakes may fail to make facial hair transformations fully natural.<\/li>
  6. Pay attention to facial moles.  Does the mole look real? <\/li>
  7. Pay attention to blinking. Does the person blink enough or too much? <\/li>
  8. Pay attention to the lip movements. Some deepfakes are based on lip syncing. Do the lip movements look natural?<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    So while you\u2019re developing your video creation skills, also remember your video evaluation skills, which you can practice further at Detect Fakes<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    “Facts matter: we need to know that the information we are using is credible (or, more accurately, we should be aware when it is not).”<\/p>\n

    Read more ›<\/a><\/div>\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":399,"featured_media":956,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[4491],"tags":[153438,137822,202480,151035],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/files\/2024\/03\/Deepfake-1.jpg?fit=1280%2C720&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":949,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/2024\/02\/26\/unleash-the-power-of-ai-the-future-of-video-creation\/","url_meta":{"origin":955,"position":0},"title":"Unleash The Power Of Ai: The Future Of Video Creation","date":"26 February 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=9dKtiOnndkQ Systems Librarian Tim explores the transformative impact of AI on video communication. From translating videos into multiple languages effortlessly to creating lifelike avatars and cloning voices, AI is reshaping the way we communicate through videos. Join our Systems Librarian, Tim, on a journey through the cutting-edge technology that's shaping\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "The Library"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/9dKtiOnndkQ\/0.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1010,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/2024\/05\/17\/using-ai-to-explore-collections-at-the-university-of-sussex\/","url_meta":{"origin":955,"position":1},"title":"Using AI to Explore Collections at the University of Sussex","date":"17 May 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"We're excited to share some groundbreaking work our systems librarian Tim Graves has been doing in collaboration with Danny Millum from our Collections team and DISCUS, the Data Intensive Science Center on campus. His focus has been on leveraging the latest advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) to unlock the hidden\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "British Library of Development Studies"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/i7df_XcV3Mk\/0.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1088,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/2024\/07\/04\/ai-is-coming-but-only-for-the-boring-stuff\/","url_meta":{"origin":955,"position":2},"title":"AI is Coming! (but only for the boring stuff)","date":"4 July 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Talk delivered by Tim Graves, write up by Sally Hendergate Tim delivered an engaging and informative workshop on using chat bots and Large Language Models (LLMs) \u2013 and how we can integrate these into our work to make our lives easier. Tim showed us how to use ChatGPT 4o, Google\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "The Library"","img":{"alt_text":"ChatGPT chip on a computer chip background","src":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/files\/2024\/07\/Photo-by-BoliviaInteligente-on-unsplash-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C750&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":968,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/2024\/03\/26\/the-power-of-ai-and-image-generation\/","url_meta":{"origin":955,"position":3},"title":"The Power of AI and Image Generation","date":"26 March 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"https:\/\/youtu.be\/_ZRfGhUs6wg With new software becoming available all the time, could AI text-to-image tools redefine how we create and use images at work? Join our Systems Librarian, Tim, as he uses software that is freely available to staff to explore creating AI-generated images through prompts. He also discusses recent issues with\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "The Library"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/_ZRfGhUs6wg\/0.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":920,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/2024\/02\/09\/ai-productivity-tips-from-a-librarian-who-prefers-words-over-spreadsheets\/","url_meta":{"origin":955,"position":4},"title":"AI productivity tips from a librarian who prefers words over spreadsheets","date":"9 February 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"By Tim Graves Spreadsheets. Comma separated files. Databases. Endless columns of data scrolling away vertically and horizontally. I bet you love them, eh? In my last blog post I talked about how Artificial Intelligence has been saving me time with long textual documents. Now I want to focus the labour-saving\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "The Library"","img":{"alt_text":"AI generated Librarian creating a spreadsheet.","src":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/files\/2024\/02\/240902-AIgeneratedimage-LibraryLookoutBlog-e1707495118288.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1095,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/2024\/07\/04\/ai-at-sussex-library-conference-workshop\/","url_meta":{"origin":955,"position":5},"title":"AI at Sussex: Library Conference Workshop","date":"4 July 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"By Sean Goddard and Daisy Phipps This was a well-paced and interesting led workshop. Using a mixture of presentation styles, including small table group work and discussions, PowerPoint presentations, and longer q and a\u2019s with the workshop leads (George Robinson and Sam Hemsley). Something for everybody. The workshop started with\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "The Library"","img":{"alt_text":"Students sitting in front of the Library on Library square","src":"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/files\/2024\/07\/141124_LibraryUsers_StudentsSitting-scaled.jpg?fit=915%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/955"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/399"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=955"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/955\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":960,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/955\/revisions\/960"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/956"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.sussex.ac.uk\/librarycollections\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}