Do multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) lead to anxiety and depression in later life?

By Ellen Thompson

I recently had the honour of winning The Best Poster Award at the 2015 Psychology student poster conference! I have just commenced the second year of my PhD (how time flies!) and wanted to take this opportunity to talk about my research and share a couple of tips that helped me when I was preparing my poster.

My PhD research aims to explore individual differences in the development of emotional problems over the life course. Specifically, I am interested in factors and pathways that can increase or decrease an individual’s vulnerability to the development or continuation of anxiety and depression.

For the poster conference, I presented the first study of my PhD. Specifically, this study was a review of 47 pre-existing studies that had previously examined whether the experience of family-related adversities (e.g., parental divorce, parental illness) increased the likelihood of developing anxiety and depression in adulthood. When synthesising the results of individual studies, it was found that, overall, individuals’ who suffered family related ACEs were 1.6 times more likely to develop anxiety and depressive symptoms in adulthood. The paper for this study is currently being prepared for submission to a peer-reviewed journal.

Poster tips

Before I began my poster, I decided to look at other posters to gain some inspiration. This is usually advised, however, I found it particularly helpful to also look at posters that were from different research areas. For example, I browsed the posters available in the Physics and Maths department at Sussex University, and searched online for posters that had previously been presented at conferences.

Ellen_posterOnce I decided what colour scheme and text size I was going to use, and how I was going to arrange the sections, I began adding the content to the poster. I presented the key aspects of the study, including the background, aims of the research, methodology and results.

I summarised my key terms using figures. For example, I used a diagramn the background section of the poster which presented different examples of adverse childhood experiences. I found this extremely helpful when presenting the poster as I could refer to this figure when answering questions.

One of the most challenging aspects of creating my poster was that there was a lot of information on my study’s methodology I wanted to include. Specifically, the review process I used involved a systematic search of the literature and a screening of identified papers using a set of criteria. In order to reduce the amount of text on the poster I summarised the key aspects of the methodology in figures, tables and bullet points.

In summary, the main advice I would give when creating a poster is to:

  • look at posters from different disciplines
  • keep the layout and colour scheme simple and consistent
  • reduce the amount of text and use bullet points, figures, images, graphs to visualise some of the key information

Ellen Thompson (Psychology PhD student, EDGE Lab)

Find out more about our research on Developmental and Clinical Psychology.

Tagged with: , , , , ,
Posted in Uncategorized

5 Minutes Thesis Competition

On Friday 4th September, we held a 5 Minute Thesis competition for doctoral students, where speakers explained their research to a non-specialist audience within just five minutes. We applied for funding from the Researcher Led Initiative run by the Sussex Doctoral School and were awarded £750 to run this competition.

We aimed to make the event interdisciplinary with the title “Cognition in brains, animals and machines.” Despite initial fears about attracting enough people to fill the schedule, when the event came we had a full afternoon with speakers from a wide range of fascinating topics from Neuroscience, Informatics and Psychology.5Min

The audience voted for the speakers using a ten point system, which we (naturally) performed a range of descriptive statistics on afterwards to decide the winners. We had a great afternoon with plenty of sandwiches and a wine reception to follow. Thank you so much to everyone who took part and provided such a broad variety of topics.

This event was an extension of the Doctoral Research and Development (DReaDed) seminar series, set up by Sam Berens and Sarah Fielding-Smith as a way of bringing together the doctoral students in the School of Psychology. Successes are frequent in Psychology, but doing a PhD can be hard and sometimes lonely, too. With this seminar series, they aimed to create informal events, run at the end of a Friday and followed by a trip to the pub, where everyone could come together and feel comfortable discussing wins and losses. We will not be running the DREADed seminar series this year due to the time commitments of being third years, but please do get in contact if you are interested in taking over.

We both learned a lot from putting on the event, promoting, organising and writing an application for funding. The application process for the Researcher Led Initiative is relatively straightforward and we encourage other people to apply too. The next call is Friday 13th November 2015, and we would be happy to help out applicants.

Congratulations to Sam Berens, Kate Doran and Jonathan Robertson for their winning talks.

Marie Rogers and Anne Templeton

Tagged with: , ,
Posted in Uncategorized

The School Technicians

You probably already know that the school of psychology has two dedicated technicians, Dan Hyndman and Martha Casey, who are here to provide research and technical support to all members of the school. But you might not have heard of us if you’ve only recently joined the school, and even if you’ve been here a while, you might not be aware of the services we offer.

Overall, we provide technical support to faculty, postgrads and undergrads. This covers all kinds of areas, from software training to archiving data, building web surveys to budgeting and general troubleshooting. We are involved with sourcing, setting up and maintaining lab equipment, and we provide training in using it.DSCN0235 We can turn VHS data digital, lend you a dictaphone or a video camera, help you b
uild your experiment in Photoshop or Dreamweaver, or help you back up your data. We also liaise with ITS, who cover desktop IT support, and assist them in their program of rolling out new PCs.

Day-to-day we spend a lot of time providing fast, on-the-spot support for anyone who arrives at our office with an emergency. And when we’re not reacting to the latest challenges, we can often be found seeking out new kinds of useful software and getting to grips with it, so that we can support people who are planning to use it. We are both part of ATSIP, an association of psychology technical staff from many UK institutions, which enables us to keep on top of the ever-changing series of challenges in the field.

In addition, we each cover our own specialist areas. For instance, Dan keeps track of our inventory, keeping a careful eye on the condition of equipment and working hard to replace it as necessary. Meanwhile, Martha runs Sona, our system for managing experimental bookings and student course credits. She’s also the person to approach if you need help finding an appropriate lab in which to carry out your research.

You can also come to us if you have questions about printing conference posters, connecting to the main printers, setting up an online questionnaire, or borrowing equipment. There’s no such thing as an average day for a psychology technician, so we can usually advise on most technical matters – and if we can’t help, we should be able to point you in the direction of someone who can.

 

 

Tagged with: , ,
Posted in Uncategorized

My summer as a Junior Research Assistant

By Alex Earl

I’ve had the great pleasure over the summer to work as Junior Research Associate with Dr Bonamy Oliver in the Nurture Lab that she codirects with Dr Alison Pike. I was supported throughout by my PhD mentor, Rachel Latham.

I’m broadly interested in pre-school children, specifically why some children do better than others in a range of cognitive and social capacities. The Nurture Lab’s research foci are parenting, family relationships, and friendships in relation to prosocial and disruptive behaviours; the work centres on family and twin designs. I have voluntAlex Earleered in the Nurture Lab since my first year at the university, which has given me great exposure to the real world of research, in a field that fascinates me. I am very much hoping to continue my studies on completion of my undergraduate degree, and applying for a JRA with Dr Oliver felt like a natural progression.

The JRA almost works like a miniature PhD, packed into eight weeks. I saw my JRA application as my first funding proposal, and was suitably terrified. However, I was really well supported, it was great exposure to the process, and really exciting when I found out I had been successful. I was interested in investigating the use of Mind-Minded (MM) parenting (the mother’s proclivity to consider her child as having an autonomous mental life). Maternal MM parenting is well evidenced to be a precursor to complex cognitive and social abilities in children, such as Theory of Mind – which in turn predicts a range of outcomes in later childhood and adulthood.

For my JRA, I used data from Dr Oliver’s Twins, Families and Behaviour Study (TFaB) of UK twins born in 2009-2010.

With dads taking an increasingly direct role in raising their children, our research questions examined the associations between paternal and maternal MM, and whether the precursors to paternal MM are the same as those evidenced in maternal MM.

Being part of the lab, and doing ‘actual research’ has genuinely been a pleasure, and has allowed me to embrace my inner geek. I’ve developed a number of skills that I’ll need for the future, and have a load of practical experience to add to my academic C.V. I’ve presented at lab meetings, coded parent speech samples until I cried (mostly joking), and conducted statistical analyses. Importantly, I’ve also learned more about how to interpret the results – some surprising – into a coherent story, building upon the existing literature and enabling clear future directions. Getting real-time feedback on my work has been an invaluable part of the experience.

I’ve also encountered some of the pitfalls of novel academic inquiry – for example, after coding some of the data we realised that there were problems with the existing coding, and I had to start recoding from scratch. I was assured that such hitches are very normal in work as experimental as this! I’ve learned that you have to be pretty thick-skinned throughout the research process, and to try not invest too much in what you expect of the data but rather seek to understand what it tells you. On a personal note, I’m working on reframing what success looks like to me.

I’ve had the chance to build some great relationships, within the University of Sussex and beyond. I’ve been in contact with the academics that are leaders in the field of Mind-Mindedness and Theory of Mind, who have all been incredibly helpful and supportive of what we’re doing. I’ve also been in touch with colleagues at Canterbury Christ Church University, who are trialling interventions using Mind-Minded speak with mums, and I’m looking forward to spending a day in their lab in October, when I’ll present our findings to the team.

So, I’d say I’ve taken two key things from the experience. Firstly, the emotional vicissitudes of the research process are not to be underestimated, but also are to be enjoyed as part of the journey. Secondly, completing a JRA has reinforced my ambition to continue in academia. The experience I believe is a great benefit when it comes to apply for future study; I hope that I continue to carve a path to a research career, at Sussex and beyond.

Alex was awarded the 1st prize in the University JRA competition last Friday 2nd October 2015 for her presentation.

Find out more about our research on Developmental and Clinical Psychology.

Tagged with: , , , , ,
Posted in Uncategorized

Psychology PhD Poster Conference 2015

At the start of every academic year, PhD students moving from Year 1 to Year 2 of their studies are asked to prepare a poster presentation of their research to date. This year it will be held on Wednesday 30th September from 2.30 to 5pm in the Creativity Zone, a lovely modern space in Pevensey III. The programme is incredibly diverse: we have everything from cognition in lions, to tennis grunts, hypnosis, and psychosocial support in refugees.

Winner poster 2014 by Philine Harris, Prof Peter Harris & Dr Eleanor Miles

Posters are a great way of presenting research findings in a quick and concise way. At larger international conferences, very few graduate students get selected to give oral presentations and poster sessions may be the only realistic option of presenting. These poster sessions are often in very large halls, so it is important that your poster stands out from the crowd. It needs to be visually appealing, but it also needs an informative and engaging title and abstract so that people make the effort to come and visit the poster.

PhD Poster Conference Programme 2015

Poster sessions are a good opportunity for networking. If someone in your field is presenting a poster then you have them captive to ask them questions in a relatively small gathering (it is hard to get more than 4 or 5 people around a poster at the same time). At out last PhD awayday, Dr. Eleanor Miles gave out some tips on networking and a great tip was to write to others in your field (not just senior people but other PhD students and postdocs) to encourage them to drop by your poster or to send them a copy after the event.

In our poster session there will be a prize for the best poster (voted democratically). I have previously suggested two criteria: style and substance. The poster should look appealing, not be too crowded, good use of figures, and minimal text. But having interesting and important results is, of course, important too!

The Psychology poster session is not merely a chance for the PhD students to get practice with presenting. It serves at least two other important functions. It provides an opportunity to socialise, and it provides an opportunity to learn about the research being conducted within the School. In a large school it can be very hard for everyone to get to know each other, so I set myself the more modest aim as Director of Doctoral Studies that we should at least be able to recognise our PhD students when we walk past them and have a vague idea what they work on. For our incoming PhD students, we put the poster session as an essential part of their induction. It is a good way for them to see who is who, and also think about the prospect of presenting their own poster in one years time. This year we have managed to integrate a School social into the tail end of the poster session – a Psychology Bake Off – which is very exciting!

We have a very varied line up of topics and this is set to be a fun and informative event.

I look forward to seeing you there…

Jamie Ward – Director of Doctoral Studies in Psychology

Find out more about our research.

Tagged with: ,
Posted in Uncategorized

Academic Advising

blog_Pev1Dear Students,

Welcome – or welcome back – to the University of Sussex. As the Director of Student Experience (DoSE) for the School of Psychology, I felt that the start of the new academic year was a good time to tell (or remind) you of the various things we do to enhance student experience.

All students are assigned an Academic Advisor, who is a faculty member in Psychology. She/he is often your first contact for any questions you have about academic matters. It’s really important to get to know your Academic Advisor as she/he will be in a good position to write references to support your applications for work or further study. Academic Advisors provide a fixed, reliable point of contact, and students should feel able to talk to them about their progress. Academic Advisors are not expected to solve every problem that may arise, but they can refer you to relevant university staff, including those in the Student Life Centre and the Student Support Unit (see below). We are constantly trying to improve Academic Advising arrangements, and in the next month or so will be conducting a brief survey of students to complement a recent survey of Academic Advisors.

The Student Life Centre (SLC: http://www.sussex.ac.uk/studentlifecentre) plays a key role in ensuring that the university provides a supportive and empowering environment for students. The SLC provides information, guidance, referrals and resources to help students to adapt to university life and enhance their progress through their course. The SLC can provide free expert advice on a range of issues related to personal well-being, health, financial concerns, and academic matters.

Students on campusThe Student Support Unit (SSU: http://www.sussex.ac.uk/studentsupport) is staffed by specialist advisors who support students who have long-standing conditions that may affect their academic and personal life, such as autistic spectrum conditions, specific learning difficulties, and mental health issues.

As the DoSE, I am a key link between students in the School of Psychology and staff in both the SLC and the SSU. I am also a link between staff members and students in the School of Psychology, and with students who choose to become Student Mentors or Student Representatives.

Student Mentors provide fellow students with support on a range of academic issues. If you love your subject and like helping others (and want to be paid to do so), then why not apply to become a Student Mentor? The position description and application form are available here: https://careerhub.sussex.ac.uk/students/jobs/detail/515063/student-mentor-school-of-psych

Student Representatives canvass the views of fellow students and can raise issues with me as DoSE. They also contribute to formal School meetings, and are active members of the Student Experience Group. Students are able to nominate and vote for student representatives who represent the views and interests of students in the School of Psychology. Nominations are now open: http://www.sussexstudent.com/student-reps/become-a-student-rep/

The Student Experience Group involves Student Representatives and senior members of school staff. It is held each term and covers a wide range of issues affecting students’ experiences of teaching and learning. In addition they contribute to planning social activities and making decisions about buildings and resources, such as establishing the Psychology student social space on level 1 of Pevensey 1 and the new furnishings in the entrance to Pevensey 1.

 

Good luck for the new academic year

Dr Richard de Visser – Director of Student Experience, School of Psychology

 

 

Tagged with: ,
Posted in Uncategorized

Welcome

Tom_photo

As we start of the new academic year, I am delighted as Head of School to welcome our new cohort of Undergraduate, Masters and Doctoral students to the School of Psychology at Sussex, and to welcome back our current Undergraduate and Doctoral students. I hope you have all had a fantastic summer and are ready to hit the ground running in your studies. For those of you just starting, you are joining one of the best research-led Schools of Psychology in the UK (10th overall in the Research Excellence Framework outcomes for 2014). For those returning, we are delighted that our performance in the National Student Survey continues to grow, with a 92% score for Overall Satisfaction in the 2015 NSS results.

The summer is a busy time for academic faculty, where as well as preparing new courses and revising our lectures, we are immersed in our research. We have had some high profile media appearances over the summer. For example, Karen McComb and Jen Wathan’s research on horses facial expressions was all over the news: http://www.sussex.ac.uk/newsandevents/?id=31416. Andy Field and Laura Pearce published the results of their research on the impact of scary TV on children’s emotions: http://www.sussex.ac.uk/newsandevents/?id=30650. Anna Franklin’s Baby lab collaborated in the creation of “Glow”, a show for babies and toddlers: http://www.sussex.ac.uk/newsandevents/?id=30336.
John Drury and his research team won the University Enabling Impact prize for 2015 for their research on ‘From Risk to Crowd Safety Through Psychology’ (http://www.sussex.ac.uk/broadcast/read/30908), and Dai Stephens received the 2015 Distinguished Investigator Award from the International Behavioral and Neural Genetics Society:
http://www.sussex.ac.uk/newsandevents/?id=30544.

Those of you returning will notice we have made a few changes to the furniture in the student social and work areas, providing you with some more comfortable and attractive seating and tables. If you have any suggestions for further improvements you would like us to make, pass them on to the Psychology student reps and we will do our best to act on them. We are also upping our game in use of social media, with regular blogs, Twitter feeds and Facebook posts. We would love to get stuff from students – please send material to Mar Balboa Carbon (M.Balboa-Carbon@sussex.ac.uk), who is coordinating our social media presence.

Don’t forget that it is really important for you to keep in regular contact with your academic adviser throughout the year; not only can they help you to deal with problems as they arise (e.g., understanding feedback, assistance with writing and analysis, advice about personal issues), but the more they know about you, the better equipped they will be to write that all-important reference for when you apply for jobs and further study.

I hope the coming academic year is productive and fun for all of you (and us!).
Best wishes
Tom

Tagged with: ,
Posted in Uncategorized

Subscribe to Blog via Email

Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.